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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Functional Medicine Approach

Anneliese Cadena, A-GNP-C, MSN, RN

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex and often misunderstood condition affecting approximately 6-12% of women of reproductive age in the United States. While the exact cause of PCOS remains unclear, it is recognized as a multifactorial condition involving genetic, hormonal, and lifestyle factors. At Vitality Medical Wellness Institute, we take a functional medicine approach to address the root causes of PCOS, providing personalized and comprehensive care.


What is PCOS?

PCOS is a hormonal disorder characterized by:

  • Irregular menstrual cycles: Often infrequent or absent periods.

  • Hyperandrogenism: Elevated levels of androgens, which may cause symptoms such as acne, hirsutism (excess hair growth), and hair thinning.

  • Polycystic ovaries: Enlarged ovaries containing multiple small follicles visible on ultrasound.


However, not all of these symptoms must be present to be diagnosed with PCOS. 



Functional Medicine Perspective on PCOS

Traditional medical treatments for PCOS often focus on symptom management, such as hormonal birth control for regulating cycles. While this can be helpful, functional medicine goes deeper by addressing the underlying imbalances contributing to PCOS. This approach involves:

  1. Understanding Root Causes

    • Insulin Resistance: Research indicates that up to 70% of women with PCOS have insulin resistance, even if they are not overweight (Ruan et al., The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2019).

    • Inflammation: Chronic low-grade inflammation is a common feature of PCOS, contributing to hormonal imbalances and metabolic dysfunction (Escobar-Morreale et al., Human Reproduction Update, 2018).

    • Hormonal Dysregulation: Imbalances in luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) can lead to disrupted ovulation and elevated androgens.

  2. Personalized Nutrition Diet plays a crucial role in managing PCOS. Evidence suggests that a low-glycemic index diet can improve insulin sensitivity and menstrual regularity (The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2020). At Vitality Medical Wellness Institute, we help patients craft individualized meal plans emphasizing whole, unprocessed foods, healthy fats, lean proteins, and fiber.

  3. Targeted Supplementation

    • Inositol: Studies have shown that myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol improve insulin sensitivity, reduce androgen levels, and restore ovulation (Unfer et al., International Journal of Endocrinology, 2016).

    • Omega-3 Fatty Acids: These reduce inflammation and improve lipid profiles in women with PCOS (Fertility and Sterility, 2021).

    • Vitamin D: Deficiency is common in PCOS and may exacerbate symptoms; supplementation can improve insulin sensitivity and menstrual regularity (Nutrients, 2020).

  4. Lifestyle Modifications

    • Exercise: Regular physical activity improves insulin sensitivity, supports weight management, and enhances mental health.

    • Stress Management: High cortisol levels due to chronic stress can exacerbate hormonal imbalances. Incorporating stress-reducing practices like mindfulness, yoga, or meditation is essential.

  5. Addressing Sleep Disturbances Women with PCOS often experience sleep apnea or poor sleep quality. Optimizing sleep hygiene and, when necessary, conducting sleep studies can have a significant impact on overall health.


Clinical Evidence Supporting a Functional Medicine Approach

Several recent studies underscore the effectiveness of addressing PCOS through a functional medicine lens:

  • Lifestyle Intervention Studies: A 2022 randomized controlled trial in The Lancet demonstrated that comprehensive lifestyle interventions, including dietary changes and exercise, significantly improved ovulation rates and reduced androgen levels in women with PCOS.

  • Inflammation Reduction: Research published in Frontiers in Endocrinology (2020) highlights the role of anti-inflammatory diets and supplements, such as omega-3s, in reducing systemic inflammation and improving metabolic outcomes in PCOS.

  • Insulin Resistance: A meta-analysis in Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews (2019) confirmed the efficacy of inositol supplementation in improving insulin sensitivity and reducing hyperandrogenism.


Why Choose Vitality Medical Wellness Institute?

At Vitality Medical Wellness Institute, we combine advanced diagnostics, evidence-based interventions, and personalized care to address PCOS comprehensively. Our team works closely with patients to uncover the root causes of their symptoms and create sustainable, long-term solutions for optimal health.


Take the Next Step

If you have PCOS or suspect you might, we’re here to help. Contact us today to schedule a consultation and start your journey toward better health and well-being.



References

  1. Ruan, X., et al. (2019). Insulin resistance and its implications in PCOS. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 104(4), 1002-1010.

  2. Escobar-Morreale, H. F., et al. (2018). The role of inflammation in PCOS. Human Reproduction Update, 24(3), 301-316.

  3. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. (2020). Low-glycemic index diets in PCOS management.

  4. Unfer, V., et al. (2016). Inositol and its effects on PCOS. International Journal of Endocrinology, Article ID 6597495.

  5. Omega-3 supplementation and PCOS outcomes. (2021). Fertility and Sterility, 116(3), 612-620.

  6. Nutrients. (2020). Vitamin D deficiency and supplementation in PCOS.

  7. The Lancet. (2022). Lifestyle interventions in PCOS: A randomized controlled trial.

  8. Frontiers in Endocrinology. (2020). Anti-inflammatory diets in PCOS.

  9. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. (2019). Meta-analysis of inositol in PCOS management.


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